Banbury festivals: Difference between revisions

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{{FlItemTop|Locality=|Lat=52.062925|Lon=-1.339727|AdmDiv=Oxfordshire|Vicinity=34 km NNW of Oxford|Riding=|Demonym=|GreaterLondon=|FirstYearPrefix=|FirstYear=1859|FirstYearSuffix=?|LastYearPrefix=|LastYear=1868|LastYearSuffix= or later|Century=|Events=Pageant with lady (Maid Marian) on white horse, Robin Hood and Little John, Friar Tuck, archers, musicians, flags and banners; Maid Marian scatters Banbury cakes|Image=Banbury cross.jpg}}
__NOTOC__{{FestivalsItemTop|Locality=|Lat=52.062925|Lon=-1.339727|AdministrativeDivision=Oxfordshire|Vicinity=34 km NNW of Oxford|Riding=|Demonym=|GreaterLondon=|FirstYearPrefix=|FirstYear=1859|FirstYearSuffix=?|LastYearPrefix=|LastYear=1868|LastYearSuffix= or later|Century=|Events=Pageant with lady (Maid Marian) on white horse, Robin Hood and Little John, Friar Tuck, archers, musicians, flags and banners; Maid Marian scatters Banbury cakes|Image=Banbury cross.jpg}}
{{#display_map:52.062925,-1.339727|width=34%}}<div class="pnMapLegend">Banbury.</div>
{{#display_map:52.062925,-1.339727|width=34%|enablefullscreen=yes}}<div class="pnMapLegend">Banbury.</div>
[[File:{{#var:Image}}|500px|thumb|right|Banbury Cross, where the procession ended / [http://www.pixbam.com/banbury/302-banbury-cross-%7C-by/37658 Unknown photographer, Pixbam.]]]
[[File:{{#var:Image}}|500px|thumb|right|Banbury Cross, where the procession ended / [http://www.pixbam.com/banbury/302-banbury-cross-%7C-by/37658 Unknown photographer, Pixbam.]]]<div class="no-img">
<p id="byline">By Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2015-07-25. Revised by {{#realname:{{REVISIONUSER}}}}, {{REVISIONYEAR}}-{{REVISIONMONTH}}-{{REVISIONDAY2}}.</p>
<p id="byline">By Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2015-07-25. Revised by {{#realname:{{REVISIONUSER}}}}, {{REVISIONYEAR}}-{{REVISIONMONTH}}-{{REVISIONDAY2}}.</p>
<div class="no-img">
== Record ==
=== Record ===
{{quote|<p>[1868 and earlier:]<br/>
{{quote|<p>[1868 and earlier:]<br/>
At Banbury there is annually exhibited a pageant, in which a fine lady on a white horse, preceded by <keyword>Robin Hood</keyword> and <keyword>Little John</keyword>, <keyword>Friar Tuck</keyword>, a company of <keyword>archers</keyword>, bands of music, flags and banners, passes through the principal street to [p. 142 n.:] the Cross, where the lady (<keyword>Maid Marian</keyword>) scatters Banbury cakes among the people. This Cross, so celebrated in the nursery hymn, "Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross," pulled down by the Puritans in the reign of Elizabeth, has recently been rebuilt by the Banburians, to commemorate the marriage of the Princess Royal with the Crown Prince of Prussia.<ref>{{:Warren, Nathan Boughton 1868a}}, p. 141 n. 1 (contd. p. 142).</ref></p>}}
At Banbury there is annually exhibited a pageant, in which a fine lady on a white horse, preceded by <keyword>Robin Hood</keyword> and <keyword>Little John</keyword>, <keyword>Friar Tuck</keyword>, a company of <keyword>archers</keyword>, bands of music, flags and banners, passes through the principal street to [p. 142 n.:] the Cross, where the lady (<keyword>Maid Marian</keyword>) scatters Banbury cakes among the people. This Cross, so celebrated in the nursery hymn, "Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross," pulled down by the Puritans in the reign of Elizabeth, has recently been rebuilt by the Banburians, to commemorate the marriage of the Princess Royal with the Crown Prince of Prussia.<ref>{{:Warren, Nathan Boughton 1868a}}, p. 141 n. 1 (contd. p. 142).</ref></p>}}
=== IRHB comments ===
== IRHB comments ==
No less than three crosses in Banbury, the High Cross, the Bread Cross and the White Cross, were destroyed by Puritans on July 26, 1600. The current Banbury Cross, erected at the town centre in 1859 in memory of the wedding of Princess Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (1840–1901) and Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl (1831–1888)<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_III,_German_Emperor Frederick III, German Emperor.]</ref> on 25 January 1858,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal Wikipedia: Victoria, Princess Royal.]</ref> is a 16 m high spire-shaped stone monument topped by a gilt cross.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury#Banbury_Cross Wikipedia: Banbury.]</ref> It stands at the centre of a roundabout at the intersection of South Bar Street, West Bar Street, Horse Fair, and High Street. Since April 2005, a large bronze statue of the 'fine lady upon a white horse' mentioned in the nursery rhyme 'Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross' stands not far from it.<ref name="ride">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ride_a_cock_horse_to_Banbury_Cross Wikipedia: Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross.]</ref> The procession to the cross presumably went along Banbury High Street. Since the fine lady in the procession was followed by Robin Hood, Little John, Friar Tuck, and a company of archers, it is tempting to identify her as Maid Marian, as Warren does in the passage cited above, but presumably she was (also) intended to represent the "fine lady" of the nursery rhyme:  
No less than three crosses in Banbury, the High Cross, the Bread Cross and the White Cross, were destroyed by Puritans on July 26, 1600. The current Banbury Cross, erected at the town centre in 1859 in memory of the wedding of Princess Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (1840–1901) and Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl (1831–1888)<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_III,_German_Emperor Frederick III, German Emperor.]</ref> on 25 January 1858,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal Wikipedia: Victoria, Princess Royal.]</ref> is a 16 m high spire-shaped stone monument topped by a gilt cross.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury#Banbury_Cross Wikipedia: Banbury.]</ref> It stands at the centre of a roundabout at the intersection of South Bar Street, West Bar Street, Horse Fair, and High Street. Since April 2005, a large bronze statue of the 'fine lady upon a white horse' mentioned in the nursery rhyme 'Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross' stands not far from it.<ref name="ride">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ride_a_cock_horse_to_Banbury_Cross Wikipedia: Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross.]</ref> The procession to the cross presumably went along Banbury High Street. Since the fine lady in the procession was followed by Robin Hood, Little John, Friar Tuck, and a company of archers, it is tempting to identify her as Maid Marian, as Warren does in the passage cited above, but presumably she was (also) intended to represent the "fine lady" of the nursery rhyme:  
<blockquote>Ride a cock-horse to Banbury Cross,<br/>
<blockquote>
Ride a cock-horse to Banbury Cross,<br/>
To see a fine lady upon a white horse;<br/>
To see a fine lady upon a white horse;<br/>
Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes,<br/>
Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes,<br/>
And she shall have music wherever she goes.<ref name="ride"/></blockquote>
And she shall have music wherever she goes.<ref name="ride"/>
</blockquote>


I have not yet been able to establish with certainty when this procession began. If we were to take literally Warren's words that it 'passes through the principal street to the Cross', this would of course mean that the tradition was inaugurated after the cross was rebuilt in 1859, but if the new cross was erected at or near the place where one of its predecessors had stood centuries before, the procession before 1859 might have led to the site of the old cross. According to Banbury Town Council, the cross was erected 'by the people of Banbury',<ref name="banburycouncil">[http://www.banbury.gov.uk/Banbury-Town-Council/fine_lady_statue-3818.aspx Banbury Town Council: Fine Lady Statue.]</ref> which presumably means that some sort of collection was made among the citizens to pay for the monument. The completion of such a communal project may well have been celebrated by a festive procession of the sort described by Warren. 1859 would therefore seem a likely starting year.  
I have not yet been able to establish with certainty when this procession began. If we were to take literally Warren's words that it 'passes through the principal street to the Cross', this would of course mean that the tradition was inaugurated after the cross was rebuilt in 1859, but if the new cross was erected at or near the place where one of its predecessors had stood centuries before, the procession before 1859 might have led to the site of the old cross. According to Banbury Town Council, the cross was erected 'by the people of Banbury',<ref name="banburycouncil">[http://www.banbury.gov.uk/Banbury-Town-Council/fine_lady_statue-3818.aspx Banbury Town Council: Fine Lady Statue.]</ref> which presumably means that some sort of collection was made among the citizens to pay for the monument. The completion of such a communal project may well have been celebrated by a festive procession of the sort described by Warren. It therefore seems likely that the procession began in 1859.  


One would like to know also on what day of the year the procession took place. Banbury Town Council describes the statue as follows:
One would like to know also on what day of the year the procession took place. Banbury Town Council describes the statue as follows:
Line 21: Line 22:
The bells on her feet are interpreted as both musical bells and by [''sic''] seven bluebells, (representing the days of the week) on her toes and she drops petals from her raised left hand.<ref name="banburycouncil"/></blockquote>
The bells on her feet are interpreted as both musical bells and by [''sic''] seven bluebells, (representing the days of the week) on her toes and she drops petals from her raised left hand.<ref name="banburycouncil"/></blockquote>


The sculpture is quite recent, and I do no know if its maker was inspired by local traditions or knowledge. Did the procession take place on May Day? The royal wedding commemorated by the erection of the cross in 1859 had taken place on January 25 of the preceding year, but January does not seem the right month for Robin Hood, Little John, Friar Tuck and a fine lady who is also or almost Maid Marian.
The sculpture is quite recent, and I do not know if its maker was inspired by local traditions or knowledge. Did the procession take place on May Day? The royal wedding commemorated by the new cross in 1859 had taken place on January 25 of the preceding year, but January does not seem the right month for Robin Hood, Little John, Friar Tuck and a fine lady who is also or almost Maid Marian.


'A Banbury cake is a spiced, currant-filled, flat pastry cake similar to an Eccles cake, although it is more oval in shape'.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury_cake Wikipedia: Banbury cake.]</ref>
'A Banbury cake is a spiced, currant-filled, flat pastry cake similar to an Eccles cake, although it is more oval in shape'.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury_cake Wikipedia: Banbury cake.]</ref> See the photo in the gallery below.


=== Lists and gazetteers ===
== Lists and gazetteers ==
* Outside scope of {{:Lancashire, Ian 1984a}}.
* Outside scope of {{:Lancashire, Ian 1984a}}.
* Outside scope of {{:Wiles, David 1981a}}, Appendix I.
* Outside scope of {{:Wiles, David 1981a}}, Appendix I.
Line 32: Line 33:
* {{:Warren, Nathan Boughton 1868a}}, p. 141 n. 1 (contd. p. 142).
* {{:Warren, Nathan Boughton 1868a}}, p. 141 n. 1 (contd. p. 142).


=== Background ===
== Background ==
* [http://www.banbury.gov.uk/Banbury-Town-Council/fine_lady_statue-3818.aspx Banbury Town Council: Fine Lady Statue.]
* [http://www.banbury.gov.uk/Banbury-Town-Council/fine_lady_statue-3818.aspx Banbury Town Council: Fine Lady Statue.]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury Wikipedia: Banbury.]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury Wikipedia: Banbury.]
Line 41: Line 42:
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal Wikipedia: Victoria, Princess Royal.]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal Wikipedia: Victoria, Princess Royal.]


=== Notes ===
== Notes ==
<references/>
<references/>
</div>


</div>
<div id="gallery">
{{ImgGalleryIntro}}
{{ImageGalleryIntroduction}}
<gallery widths="195px">
<gallery widths="195px">
File:Banbury cross.jpg|Banbury Cross, where the procession ended / [http://www.pixbam.com/banbury/302-banbury-cross-%7C-by/37658 Unknown photographer, Pixbam.]
Banbury cross.jpg|Banbury Cross, where the procession ended / [http://www.pixbam.com/banbury/302-banbury-cross-%7C-by/37658 Unknown photographer, Pixbam.]
File:high_street_banbury.jpg|Banbury High Street, along which the procession must have moved / [http://www.flickr.com/photos/16801915@N06/6065640137/ Tom Bastin, Wikimedia Commons.]
high_street_banbury.jpg|Banbury High Street, along which the procession must have moved / [http://www.flickr.com/photos/16801915@N06/6065640137/ Tom Bastin, Wikimedia Commons.]
File:Finelady_banbury.jpg|Denise Dutton's "Fine Lady Statue" located close to Banbury Cross in intersection between South Bar Street, West Bar Street, Horse Fair, and High Street / [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Stratford490 Stratford490, Wikimedia Commons.]
Finelady_banbury.jpg|Denise Dutton's "Fine Lady Statue" located close to Banbury Cross in intersection between South Bar Street, West Bar Street, Horse Fair, and High Street / [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Stratford490 Stratford490, Wikimedia Commons.]
File:Banbury_cake_1024px.jpg|And here are two Banbury cakes, one having been cut in two. The plate is 18 cm in diameter / Redrose64, Wikimedia Commons.
Salmon, J 19xxa-r.jpg|{{:Salmon, J 19xxa}} / HTN collection
Photochrom Company Ltd, The 19xxb-r.jpg|{{:Photochrom Company Ltd, The 19xxb}} / HTN collection.
Banbury_cake_1024px.jpg|And here are two Banbury cakes, one having been cut in two. The plate is 18 cm in diameter / Redrose64, Wikimedia Commons.
</gallery>
</gallery>
</div>


 
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[[Category:Oxfordshire postcards]]

Latest revision as of 13:50, 7 January 2021

Festivals
Locality Banbury
Vicinity 34 km NNW of Oxford
Coordinate 52.062925, -1.339727
Adm. div. Oxfordshire
Began 1859?
Ended 1868 or later
Events Pageant with lady (Maid Marian) on white horse, Robin Hood and Little John, Friar Tuck, archers, musicians, flags and banners; Maid Marian scatters Banbury cakes


Loading map...
Banbury.
Banbury Cross, where the procession ended / Unknown photographer, Pixbam.

By Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2015-07-25. Revised by Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2021-01-07.

Record

[1868 and earlier:]
At Banbury there is annually exhibited a pageant, in which a fine lady on a white horse, preceded by Robin Hood and Little John, Friar Tuck, a company of archers, bands of music, flags and banners, passes through the principal street to [p. 142 n.:] the Cross, where the lady (Maid Marian) scatters Banbury cakes among the people. This Cross, so celebrated in the nursery hymn, "Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross," pulled down by the Puritans in the reign of Elizabeth, has recently been rebuilt by the Banburians, to commemorate the marriage of the Princess Royal with the Crown Prince of Prussia.[1]

IRHB comments

No less than three crosses in Banbury, the High Cross, the Bread Cross and the White Cross, were destroyed by Puritans on July 26, 1600. The current Banbury Cross, erected at the town centre in 1859 in memory of the wedding of Princess Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (1840–1901) and Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl (1831–1888)[2] on 25 January 1858,[3] is a 16 m high spire-shaped stone monument topped by a gilt cross.[4] It stands at the centre of a roundabout at the intersection of South Bar Street, West Bar Street, Horse Fair, and High Street. Since April 2005, a large bronze statue of the 'fine lady upon a white horse' mentioned in the nursery rhyme 'Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross' stands not far from it.[5] The procession to the cross presumably went along Banbury High Street. Since the fine lady in the procession was followed by Robin Hood, Little John, Friar Tuck, and a company of archers, it is tempting to identify her as Maid Marian, as Warren does in the passage cited above, but presumably she was (also) intended to represent the "fine lady" of the nursery rhyme:

Ride a cock-horse to Banbury Cross,
To see a fine lady upon a white horse;
Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes,
And she shall have music wherever she goes.[5]

I have not yet been able to establish with certainty when this procession began. If we were to take literally Warren's words that it 'passes through the principal street to the Cross', this would of course mean that the tradition was inaugurated after the cross was rebuilt in 1859, but if the new cross was erected at or near the place where one of its predecessors had stood centuries before, the procession before 1859 might have led to the site of the old cross. According to Banbury Town Council, the cross was erected 'by the people of Banbury',[6] which presumably means that some sort of collection was made among the citizens to pay for the monument. The completion of such a communal project may well have been celebrated by a festive procession of the sort described by Warren. It therefore seems likely that the procession began in 1859.

One would like to know also on what day of the year the procession took place. Banbury Town Council describes the statue as follows:

The Fine Lady is depicted as the “Queen of the May” and incorporates many symbols of spring:

Spring Flowers: The Fine Lady wears a crown of thirteen (the ancient months of the year) spring flowers, alternating daffodils and wild roses. Hidden among the flowers you can spot two butterflies and a moth.

The bells on her feet are interpreted as both musical bells and by [sic] seven bluebells, (representing the days of the week) on her toes and she drops petals from her raised left hand.[6]

The sculpture is quite recent, and I do not know if its maker was inspired by local traditions or knowledge. Did the procession take place on May Day? The royal wedding commemorated by the new cross in 1859 had taken place on January 25 of the preceding year, but January does not seem the right month for Robin Hood, Little John, Friar Tuck and a fine lady who is also or almost Maid Marian.

'A Banbury cake is a spiced, currant-filled, flat pastry cake similar to an Eccles cake, although it is more oval in shape'.[7] See the photo in the gallery below.

Lists and gazetteers

Sources

Background

Notes

  1. ↑ Warren, Nathan B. The Holidays: Christmas, Easter, and Whitsuntide; Their Social Festivities, Customs, and Carols (New York; Cambridge, [Massachusetts], 1868), p. 141 n. 1 (contd. p. 142).
  2. ↑ Frederick III, German Emperor.
  3. ↑ Wikipedia: Victoria, Princess Royal.
  4. ↑ Wikipedia: Banbury.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wikipedia: Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Banbury Town Council: Fine Lady Statue.
  7. ↑ Wikipedia: Banbury cake.








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