Thame festivals

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Thame.

[[File:|thumb|right|500px|Upper High Street, Thame / Stefan Czapski, 17 Aug. 2014, Creative Commons, via Geograph.]]

By Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2018-06-03. Revised by Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2018-06-03.

Records

[1474/75:]
Ite. we recevyd of Robyn hodg Ale at Wytsontyde  xxvis ixd[1]


[1496/97:]
[14s. profits gathered by Robin Hood at the May Ale at Whitsun][2]


[1501/1502:]
[20s. gathered by Robin Hood at the May Ale at Whitsun][2]

Source notes

Entries in brackets are modern paraphrases of the original records.

IRHB comments

It is perhaps just worth pointing out that the 1474/75 entry is ambiguous. A reader who was unaware that parish fundraising in late medieval and early modern times was not infrequently done in the name of Robin Hood would almost certainly read "hodg" as "Hodge" rather than "Hood", and if the entry had occurred on the expense side, it might conceivably have been taken to refer to a scot-ale organized by or for someone named Robin Hodge. Scot-ales, perhaps originally a means for manorial reeves and indirectly their lordly employers to wring money out of unwilling tenants, over time came to be used for raising money for various collective or private purposes, including as a means of augmenting, or in lieu of, the salary of officials. Since I argued several decades ago, in an unpublished paper, that the church ale developed from the scot ale,[3] I note with interest that in addition to several entries relating to church ales, the churchwardens' accounts of Thame include two references to expenses "at John Huletes ale" (1465) and "at Hulets ale a general chapt'r day" (1466).[4] In 1481/82 we find an expense entry for "John Hewlett Aparitor his fees".[5]


1988a 8-9


In 1474/75, "Ite. we recevyd of ye chryche Ale at Wytsu'tyde  ciiis iiiid[1] SAME YEAR AS RH ALE


1478/80, money collected "at Wytsontyde" received from Isabella Chapman who perhaps also handed in the amount received in "hocking money" [6]


In 1445, "we reseyved off ye chyrch all at Whyttson tyde " 10s.10d., while 3s4d. was gathered at a play on some unstated occasion.[7]

In 1452, "an alle at phyllyppys day & jakob" – St Phillip and St James the Less, 3 May[8] – brought in 10s.7d½d, while the income from "howyr hale at Wytsontyd" was 17s.[9]

In 1462, there was a play on some unknown occasion.[10]

In 1471/72 receipts included 15s.8d. "gathered at Wytsontyde from ye p'she"[11]. The Whitsun festival that year also involved expenses. John Payntor was paid 4d for "lyvarages at Wytsontide". These were painted badges, often called "liveries" or "small liveries", that people who took part in the festival or "ale" wore to show they had paid the sum – or some sum – required from participants. The sum of 16d was spent on "the book of Jacob and his 12 sons at Wytsontide".[12] The profit that year was therefore 14s.8d.

In 1488 receipts "against Wytsontide of ye May Ale all clere deductyng expènsys" amounted to 20s. There is mention of a play, but it is not clear on which occasion this took palcxe.[13]

In 1454, two entries for receipt of "May Sylver" from John Baker and Thomas Dagnale, respectively.[14]

Hocking money or hock money: 1456[15] 1458[16]

1471/72:[11] 1488[13]

Lists and gazetteers

Sources

Studies and criticism

Brief mention

Background

Notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 20, pt. 4 (1915), pp. 115-19, see p. 22.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Singman, Jeffrey L. Robin Hood: The Shaping of the Legend (Contributions to the Study of World Literature, No. 92) (Westport, Connecticut; London, 1998), p. 181.
  3. Nielsen, Henrik Thiil. "It is Robin Hood's Day": the Greenwood Hero in the English Spring Festival (term paper, University of Copenhagen, 1988), pp. 8-9; Middle English Dictionary: scot-āle (n.)
  4. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 14, pt. 1 (1908), pp. 25-28, see p. 28; Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 16, pt. 3 (1910), pp. 87-89, see p. 89.
  5. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 20, pt. 4 (1915), pp. 115-19, p. 118.
  6. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 19, pt. 3 (1913), pp. 84-86, see p. 84.
  7. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 9, pt. 4 (1904), pp. 117-20, see pp. 118, 119.
  8. Catholic Culture: Easter: May 3rd: Feast of Sts. Philip and James, apostles.
  9. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 9, pt. 3 (1903), pp. 75-78, see pp. 75, 76.
  10. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 10, pt. 2 (1904), pp. 35-38, see p. 57.
  11. 11.0 11.1 Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 20, pt. 4 (1915), pp. 115-19, see p. 117
  12. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 20, pt. 4 (1915), pp. 115-19, see p. 118
  13. 13.0 13.1 Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 9, pt. 2 (1903), pp. 51-57, see p. 53.
  14. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 10, pt. 4 (1905), pp. 105-107, see p. 105.
  15. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 10, pt. 1 (1904), pp. 19-24, see p. 19 (bis).
  16. Ellis, W. Patterson, transcr. 'The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of St. Mary, Thame, Commencing in the Year 1442', The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal, New Series, vol. 10, pt. 1 (1904), pp. 19-24, see p. 21.


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