Robin Hood Street Close (Outwood): Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__{{PnItemTop|Lat=53.7069|Lon=-1.5200|AdmDiv=Yorkshire|Vicinity=E side of Potovens Lane, N and S of A650, slightly N of Wrenthorpe|Type=Area|Interest=Robin Hood name|Status=Defunct|Demonym=|Riding=West|GreaterLondon=|Year=1651|Aka=Robinhoodstreteclose; Robin Hood Street close; Robinhood Close; Robin Hood Close|Century=|Cluster1=Outwood|Cluster2=|Cluster3=|Image=Robin-hood-street-close-outwood-google-earth-street-view.jpg|Postcards=|ExtraCat1=|ExtraCat2=|ExtraCat3=|ExtraCat4=|ExtraCat5=|GeopointPrefix=|GeopointSuffix=|StatusSuffix=|DatePrefix=|DateSuffix=}}
__NOTOC__{{PnItemTop|Lat=53.7069|Lon=-1.5200|AdmDiv=Yorkshire|Vicinity=E side of Potovens Lane, N and S of A650, slightly N of Wrenthorpe|Type=Area|Interest=Robin Hood name|Status=Defunct|Demonym=|Riding=West|GreaterLondon=|Year=1651|Aka=Robinhoodstreteclose; Robin Hood Street close; Robinhood Close; Robin Hood Close|Century=|Cluster1=Outwood|Cluster2=|Cluster3=|Image=Robin-hood-street-close-outwood-google-earth-street-view.jpg|Postcards=|ExtraCat1=|ExtraCat2=|ExtraCat3=|ExtraCat4=|ExtraCat5=|GeopointPrefix=|GeopointSuffix=|StatusSuffix=|DatePrefix=|DateSuffix=}}
{{#display_map:{{#var:Coords}}~{{#replace:{{PAGENAME}}|&#39;|'}}|polygons=53.712691,-1.508910:53.710515,-1.507003:53.708700,-1.503245:53.706383,-1.505333:53.694442,-1.504172:53.696908,-1.516492:53.698221,-1.525130:53.709785,-1.515973~Robin Hood closes~The Robin Hood closes were probably within this area~green~1~2|width=34%|service=leaflet|enablefullscreen=yes}}<div class="pnMapLegend">Robin Hood Street Close would have been in this neighbourhood.</div>
{{#display_map:{{#var:Coords}}~{{#replace:{{PAGENAME}}|&#39;|'}};53.7078,-1.5086~Outwood Hall;53.6970,-1.5150~Snow Hill|polygons=53.712691,-1.508910:53.710515,-1.507003:53.708700,-1.503245:53.706383,-1.505333:53.694442,-1.504172:53.696908,-1.516492:53.698221,-1.525130:53.709785,-1.515973~Robin Hood closes~The Robin Hood closes were probably within this area~green~1~2|width=34%|service=leaflet|enablefullscreen=yes}}<div class="pnMapLegend">Robin Hood Street Close would have been in this neighbourhood.</div>
[[File:{{#var:Pnimage}}|thumb|right|500px|Looking roughly north on Potovens Lane; Robin Hood Street Close would have been somewhere east or south-east of this spot / Google Earth Street View.]]
[[File:{{#var:Pnimage}}|thumb|right|500px|Looking roughly north on Potovens Lane; Robin Hood Street Close would have been somewhere east or south-east of this spot / Google Earth Street View.]]
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Back in the mid-17th century [[Robin Hood Street Close (Outwood)|Robin Hood Street Close]] was found there. In order to avoid nedless repetition across several pages, all these are discussed together here.
Back in the mid-17th century [[Robin Hood Street Close (Outwood)|Robin Hood Street Close]] was found there. In order to avoid nedless repetition across several pages, all these are discussed together here.


None of the closes on the east side of Potovens Lane can be pinpointed on the map, but they all lay on land belonging to the Manor of Wakefield, for they are all referred to in the Wakefield Manor Court Rolls. Since no tithes must be paid for them, they are not listed in the tithe award for Stanley cum Wrenthorpe (1845), but very helpfully they are included on the accompanying tithe map where, unlike those included in the tithe award, they are shown without a number referring to the corresponding schedule entry. The fact that 'numberless' fields and closes can potentially be identified as belonging to the manor tells us, together with a couple of references to identifiable localities in the court roll entries from 1790-91, in which neighbourhood the Robin Hood closes must have been located.  
None of the closes on the east side of Potovens Lane can be pinpointed on the map, but they all lay on land belonging to the Manor of Wakefield, for they are all referred to in the Wakefield Manor Court Rolls. Since no tithes must be paid for them, they are not listed in the tithe award for Stanley cum Wrenthorpe (1845), but very helpfully they are included on the accompanying tithe map where, unlike those included in the tithe award, they are shown without a number referring to the corresponding schedule entry. The fact that 'numberless' fields and closes can potentially be identified as belonging to the manor tells us, together with the identity of the owner of the lands and a couple of references to identifiable localities in the court roll entries from 1790-91, in which neighbourhood the Robin Hood closes must have been located.
<!-- Area bounded by (NW:) Robin Hood Bridge, (NE:) Victoria Street/Leeds Road (A61) intersection, (SE:) Leeds Road (A61)/Red Hall Lane intersection, (Sand SW:) Wrenthorpe Lane. -->
 
== Lands of Outwood Hall ==
The records dating from 1790-91 (see Records below) are concerned with lands occupied by Joseph Armytage of 'the Lodge'. Property group vi in the records includes a couple of significant items of information. It consists of a messuage situated 'near the Lodge, adjoining Brag Lane'. On 6" O.S. map ''Yorkshire'' 233 (1854) (see Maps below), only the part of Potovens Lane north of Bradford Road is known under that name, its name south of that road and as far south as Wrenthorpe being then named Brag Lane. The map also reveals that at the time the neighbourhood immediately south of Bradford Road and west of Brag Lane (Potovens Lane in modern terms) was known as Brag Lane End, a name which remained in use for a few decades but then disappeared from the maps. A web page on the history of Outwood Hall tells us that it was then known as Woodside Lodge or 'the Lodge' ''tout court''.<ref>[https://outwoodcommunityvideo.co.uk/the-story-of-outwood-hall.html Outwood Community Video: The Story of Outwood Hall.]</ref> Property group xi mentions Snow Hill, which is/was located near Red Hall Lane, south of Wrenthorpe. Modern residential streets in the vicinity are named Snow Hill Close and Rise. If this information is paired with what we can glean from the tithe award for Stanley cum Wrenthorpe it becomes clear that the Robin Hood closes must have been situated within an area bounded (approximately) on the north by Ledger Lane, on the east by Leeds Road (A61) as far south as the Bar Lane intersection, on the south by a line from the latter point to Wrenthorpe, on the west by Wrenthorpe Road and Potovens Lane to the interesction of the latter and Ledger Lane.
 
<!-- Brag Lane Pit was located north of Bradford Road: https://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=17&lat=53.70480&lon=-1.51821&layers=168&b=5 -->
<!-- Brag Lane Pit was located north of Bradford Road: https://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=17&lat=53.70480&lon=-1.51821&layers=168&b=5 -->
<!--<p style="margin-top:15px;">While there is no proof this Robin Hood Close is identical with Robin Hood Street Close, this may well be the case. The location of Robin Hood Close (1845) can be established from the tithe map, and it is quite in keeping with that given in more general terms in 1651 for Robin Hood Street Close: 'near the Outwoodside of Wakefeld' (see Records below). Moreover, as we know, Robin Hood-themed place-names tend to occur in clusters and Robin Hood Close (1845) was situated at [[Robin Hood Hill (Outwood)|Robin Hood Hill]], which is recorded as early as 1657. This context provides a clue to the origin of the form 'Robin Hood Street Close'. Most probably the stretch of road across [[Robin Hood Hill (Outwood)|Robin Hood Hill]], now known as Potovens Lane and previously as [[Robin Hood Hill Lane (Outwood)|Robin Hood Hill Lane]], was known as 'Robin Hood Street' in the mid-16th century, and 'Robin Hood Street Close' was then the close beside that street. See further the section 'Five Robin Hood Closes' below.</p>
<!--<p style="margin-top:15px;">While there is no proof this Robin Hood Close is identical with Robin Hood Street Close, this may well be the case. The location of Robin Hood Close (1845) can be established from the tithe map, and it is quite in keeping with that given in more general terms in 1651 for Robin Hood Street Close: 'near the Outwoodside of Wakefeld' (see Records below). Moreover, as we know, Robin Hood-themed place-names tend to occur in clusters and Robin Hood Close (1845) was situated at [[Robin Hood Hill (Outwood)|Robin Hood Hill]], which is recorded as early as 1657. This context provides a clue to the origin of the form 'Robin Hood Street Close'. Most probably the stretch of road across [[Robin Hood Hill (Outwood)|Robin Hood Hill]], now known as Potovens Lane and previously as [[Robin Hood Hill Lane (Outwood)|Robin Hood Hill Lane]], was known as 'Robin Hood Street' in the mid-16th century, and 'Robin Hood Street Close' was then the close beside that street. See further the section 'Five Robin Hood Closes' below.</p>
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<p>The court rolls of the manor of Wakefield, which include several entries relating to Robin Hood Street Close, also include {{#ask:[[Category:Robin Hoods in Wakefield Manor Court Rolls]]|format=count}} records relating to Robert Hoods holding land, as villeins or otherwise in the years 1307 to 1350, within the large area of the West Riding of Yorkshire that belonged to the manor. These include men of that name in Stanley, Newton and Alverthorpe. It is conceivable that the close and/or hill was named after one of these men or a descendant of some of them. After the mid-14th century they seem to disappear from the record, but very many later rolls are yet to be edited or calendared and published, so slightly more recent R. Hoods may yet be found.</p>
<p>The court rolls of the manor of Wakefield, which include several entries relating to Robin Hood Street Close, also include {{#ask:[[Category:Robin Hoods in Wakefield Manor Court Rolls]]|format=count}} records relating to Robert Hoods holding land, as villeins or otherwise in the years 1307 to 1350, within the large area of the West Riding of Yorkshire that belonged to the manor. These include men of that name in Stanley, Newton and Alverthorpe. It is conceivable that the close and/or hill was named after one of these men or a descendant of some of them. After the mid-14th century they seem to disappear from the record, but very many later rolls are yet to be edited or calendared and published, so slightly more recent R. Hoods may yet be found.</p>


=== Five Robin Hood Closes ===
Each of the four records dating from 1790-91 which are included in the Records section below refers to five closes in Outwood with Robin Hood-themed names. Each field name/locality has its own page at IRHB:
* [[Robin Hood Near Stile Close (Outwood)]]
* [[Robin Hood Far Stile Close (Outwood)]]
* [[Upper Robin Hood Close (Outwood)]]
* [[Lower Robin Hood Close (Outwood) (1)]]
* [[Lower Robin Hood Close (Outwood) (2)]].
<p style="margin-top:20px;">The last but one was said in 1790-91 to have been formerly known as Lower Robin Hood Close, while the last was then currently so called. It is possible that the first two were located near Robin Hood (Street) Close, while the last three were identical with the three parts of it later listed in the tithe award (1845). Since the vicar of Wakefield is listed as the owner of the three plots in the latter, identifying them with plots belonging to the manor or Wakefield in 1790-91 of course requires the assumption that he had acquired them from the manor by 1845. Perhaps some or other of the as yet unpublished court rolls from this period will yield proof of this. In the meantime, a look at the salient parts of the text of these records – it is identical in the three earliest of them and hardly differs in the latest one – will suggest that these five Robin Hood Closes covered much the same ground as Robin Hood (Street) Close.</p>
The street name 'Brag Lane' and the place- or field name 'Snow Hill' tell us that the records are concerned with land in the Outwood area. On the 6" O.S. map ''Yorkshire'' 233 (1854), only the part of Potovens Lane north of Bradford Road is known under that name, its name south of that road being then Brag Lane. The map also reveals that at the time the neighbourhood immediately south of Bradford Road and west of Brag Lane (Potovens Lane in modern terms) was known as Brag Lane End. This name remained in use for a few decades, but then disappears from the maps. Snow Hill is found centre-foot on the 1854 map referred to above, south of Red Hall Lane and in the north-western corner of the intersection of Wrenthorpe Road, Bradford Road and Red Hall Lane. Modern residential streets in the vicinity are named Snow Hill Close and Rise. This is close to Alverthorpe. The listing of the sixth group of plots  in the records is very helpful. It concerns a
<div class="plainquote">mess near the Lodge, adjoining Brag Lane, with outbuildings, croft, appurts and closes or parcels of meadow or pasture called Laith Close formerly Robtree Royd, Square Close formerly Robin Royd, and Seel Close formerly Lower Robin Hood Close</div>
<div class="plainquote">mess near the Lodge, adjoining Brag Lane, with outbuildings, croft, appurts and closes or parcels of meadow or pasture called Laith Close formerly Robtree Royd, Square Close formerly Robin Royd, and Seel Close formerly Lower Robin Hood Close</div>
As is generally the case with the field names included in these records, the more distinctive of those found in this passage do not recur in the tithe award drawn up about half a century later. What instead helps us is the information that the messuage was situated 'near the Lodge, adjoining Brag Lane', for according to Wakefield local history buffs 'Woodside Lodge', or simply 'the Lodge', was then the current name of Outwood Hall.<ref>[https://outwoodcommunityvideo.co.uk/the-story-of-outwood-hall.html Outwood Community Video: The Story of Outwood Hall.]</ref> This shows that the quondam Lower Robin Hood Close must have been situated in the near vicinity of Robin Hood (Street) Close. While it is possible that a careful study of the tithe award and map might reveal more precisely the location of some of these closes, it must be said that very few of the older field-names were still extant in 1845. Perhaps a local hiotorian with access to teh enclosure award and map might be able to help.-->{{PnItemQry}}
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== Gazetteers ==
== Gazetteers ==

Revision as of 08:34, 24 August 2020

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Loading map...
Robin Hood Street Close would have been in this neighbourhood.

[[File:|thumb|right|500px|Looking roughly north on Potovens Lane; Robin Hood Street Close would have been somewhere east or south-east of this spot / Google Earth Street View.]]

By Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2020-08-15. Revised by Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2020-08-24.

'Robinhoodstreteclose' figures in the records as early as 1651. It must have been situated somwhere on the east side of Potovens or Wrenthorpe Lane.

A. H. Smith treats the mention of this in the court roll of the Manor of Wakefield for 1651 as the earliest reference to a locality known in 1657 and later as Robin Hood Hill (see Records below).[1] However, rather than referring to the entire hill, the name probably referred to a close on the east side side of Potovens Lane, a street crossing Robin Hood's Hill in an area about equidistant from Wrenthorpe, Carr Gate and Outwood. This stretch of the lane was previously known as Robin Hood Hill Lane. On the east side of it formerly stood Robin Hood House, while at the north end of the hill, Robin Hood Bridge still takes Potovens Lane over the line of the former West Yorkshire Railway, which is now the Doncaster and Leeds Line. In 1790-91, a couple of generations before the railway came, several fields on the east side of Robin Hood Hill were named after Robin Hood or had been so within living memory:


Back in the mid-17th century Robin Hood Street Close was found there. In order to avoid nedless repetition across several pages, all these are discussed together here.

None of the closes on the east side of Potovens Lane can be pinpointed on the map, but they all lay on land belonging to the Manor of Wakefield, for they are all referred to in the Wakefield Manor Court Rolls. Since no tithes must be paid for them, they are not listed in the tithe award for Stanley cum Wrenthorpe (1845), but very helpfully they are included on the accompanying tithe map where, unlike those included in the tithe award, they are shown without a number referring to the corresponding schedule entry. The fact that 'numberless' fields and closes can potentially be identified as belonging to the manor tells us, together with the identity of the owner of the lands and a couple of references to identifiable localities in the court roll entries from 1790-91, in which neighbourhood the Robin Hood closes must have been located.

Lands of Outwood Hall

The records dating from 1790-91 (see Records below) are concerned with lands occupied by Joseph Armytage of 'the Lodge'. Property group vi in the records includes a couple of significant items of information. It consists of a messuage situated 'near the Lodge, adjoining Brag Lane'. On 6" O.S. map Yorkshire 233 (1854) (see Maps below), only the part of Potovens Lane north of Bradford Road is known under that name, its name south of that road and as far south as Wrenthorpe being then named Brag Lane. The map also reveals that at the time the neighbourhood immediately south of Bradford Road and west of Brag Lane (Potovens Lane in modern terms) was known as Brag Lane End, a name which remained in use for a few decades but then disappeared from the maps. A web page on the history of Outwood Hall tells us that it was then known as Woodside Lodge or 'the Lodge' tout court.[2] Property group xi mentions Snow Hill, which is/was located near Red Hall Lane, south of Wrenthorpe. Modern residential streets in the vicinity are named Snow Hill Close and Rise. If this information is paired with what we can glean from the tithe award for Stanley cum Wrenthorpe it becomes clear that the Robin Hood closes must have been situated within an area bounded (approximately) on the north by Ledger Lane, on the east by Leeds Road (A61) as far south as the Bar Lane intersection, on the south by a line from the latter point to Wrenthorpe, on the west by Wrenthorpe Road and Potovens Lane to the interesction of the latter and Ledger Lane.

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Gazetteers

Printed sources

Maps

Background

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Notes

  1. ↑ Smith, A.H. The Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire (English Place-Name Society, vols. XXX-XXXVII) (Cambridge, 1961-63), pt. II, p. 158, where the date is cited as 1650.
  2. ↑ Outwood Community Video: The Story of Outwood Hall.


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