View source for Robin Hoods in Wakefield Manor Court Rolls (record texts)

__NOTOC__{{#display_map:53.68977,-1.531787~Alverthorpe;53.697063,-1.502484~Newton;53.68,-1.505695~Wakefield;53.71379,-1.479254~Stanley;53.704192,-1.939564~Sowerby;53.726642,-1.806932~Hipperholme|width=34%|enablefullscreen=yes}}<div class="pnMapLegend">From east to west, localities discussed on this page: Stanley, Newton, Wakefield, Alverthorpe, Hipperholme, and Sowerby.</div>
[[File:Manor of wakefield map.jpg|thumb|right|500px|The Manor of Wakefield / [http://www.briginshaw.net/archive/Newsletter4/ Briginshaw Family.] Click to enlarge.]]{{#vardefine:cat|Robin Hoods in Wakefield Manor Court Rolls}}{{AllusionsCharts|Section=Records|Category={{#var:cat}}}}
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<section begin=header/><p id="byline">By Henrik Thiil Nielsen, 2015-07-11. Revised by {{#realname:{{REVISIONUSER}}}}, {{REVISIONYEAR}}-{{REVISIONMONTH}}-{{REVISIONDAY2}}.</p>
<section end=header/>
<section begin=introduction/><p>The Manor of Wakefield was a vast estate covering two large areas of the West Riding of Yorkshire. In addition to Wakefield, townships within the manor included Stansfield, Heptonstall, Northowram, Hipperholme, Brighouse, Clifton, Hartshead, Dewsbury, Ossett, Sandal, Walton, Holme, Shepley, etc. (see map of the estate). An almost unbroken series of records of the manorial court exists from 1274 to 1925, when the manor was dissolved.<ref>See [https://www.yas.org.uk/content/treasures/wakecourtrolls.html Yorkshire Archaeological Society: Wakefield Court Rolls.]</ref> During the first half of the 14th century, families surnamed Hood with at least one member carrying the first name Robert were found in Wakefield, Alverthorpe, Stanley, Sowerby, and perhaps Sandal (see interactive map below). Joseph Hunter famously suggested that one of these Robert Hoods, a Wakefield tenant who appears in the manor court rolls during the first quarter of the 14th century, was the historical original of the traditional character.<ref>{{:Hunter, Joseph 1852a}}.</ref> For this reason, and also because the other R. Hoods in the court rolls are of interest, we must take a close look at the Robert Hoods mentioned in the court rolls (links to relevant records are found below). This will involve also an account of those of their relatives who appear in the court rolls.<ref>Visitors who wish to pursue this aspect further may find the overview in [{{SERVER}}/wiki/archive/WMCR-relationships.zip WMCR-relationships.zip] (MS eXcel file in ZIP archive) useful.</ref></p>

<p>The five first volumes of court rolls to appear were published by the Yorkshire Archaeological & Historical Society in its general records series, while subsequent volumes, published from 1977 on, appear in a dedicated ''Wakefield Court Rolls Series'' published by the society.<ref>[https://www.yas.org.uk/Publications/Wakefield-Court-Rolls-Series The Yorkshire Archaeological & Historical Society: Wakefield Court Rolls Series.]</ref> Volumes published no later than 2011 are now freely available in PDF format under a Creative Commons license, which has made it possible to cite most relevant entries in toto without infringing copyright.<ref>They are found at the [https://archive.org/ Internet Archive,] but are most easily accessible via [https://huddersfield.exposed/wiki/Yorkshire_Archaeological_Society:_Wakefield_Court_Rolls_Series_of_Publications Huddersfield Exposed: Yorkshire Archaeological Society: Wakefield Court Rolls Series of Publications] and [https://huddersfield.exposed/wiki/Yorkshire_Archaeological_and_Topographical_Association:_Record_Series_of_Publications Huddersfield Exposed: Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Association: Record Series of Publications.]</ref></p><section end=introduction/>
<section begin=roberthoodsintro/>
== Robert Hoods in Wakefield manor court rolls ==
<p>It is hoped that eventually all court roll entries relating to men named Robert Hood occurring before 1500 will be entered. While the earliest rolls have all been published, a large number of later ones remain unedited. Judging from what later rolls are available in print, the Hoods seem to have disappeared around the mid-14th century. Since there were several families of that name, living in a handful of localities, it seems unlikely that the apparent extinction of the surname was due to failure to produce male heirs, and in view of the timing, the obvious explanation is that they were among the victims of the Black Death.</p><section end=roberthoodsintro/>
<p>{{#ask:[[Category:Robin Hoods in Wakefield Manor Court Rolls]]|format=count}} records of Robert Hoods in manor court rolls published no later than 2011 (record entries are cited below):</p>
<div class="century">{{#ask:[[Category:Robin Hoods in Wakefield Manor Court Rolls]]|format=ul|class=ulcols|limit=1000|sort=Utitle}}</div>
<section begin=hoodsofalverthorpe/>


== The Hoods of Alverthorpe ==
<p>The court rolls examined so far include at least 15 entries relating to a Robert Hood under the heading 'Alverthorpe' (or similar). The most parsimonius assumption is that they all refer to one and the same man, and there seems to be no evidence against this. The same can be said for the records referring to Robert Hood of Newton (see below). The 1309 entry shows that Robert Hood of Alverthorpe was then a ''grave'', an administrative official elected by the township. Taken together, entries dating from the 1320s relating to Robert Hood of Alverthorpe and his namesake of Newton make it all but certain that the two were one and the same person holding land in both vills. It would seem that this Robert Hood was originally from Newton but resident in Alverthorpe.<ref>The entries [[1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] and [[1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] explicitly refer to their subject as 'Robert Hode of Neuton' (or similar) while they concern land in Alverthorpe.</ref> Entries in which 'of Newton' is appended to his name are found in the section following the present. Entries which cannot be connected with a specific vill appear last as a subsection under the present section.</p>
<p>The following 45 records refer to Robert Hood of Alverthorpe:</p><section end=hoodsofalverthorpe/>
=== [[1307 - Robert Hod of Alverthorpe]] ===
{{:1307 - Robert Hod of Alverthorpe}}
=== [[1308 - Robert Hod of Alverthorpe]] ===
{{:1308 - Robert Hod of Alverthorpe}}
=== [[1308 - Robert Hode of Newton (Alverthorpe)]] ===
{{:1308 - Robert Hode of Newton (Alverthorpe)}}
=== [[1308 - Robert Hodde of Alverthorpe]] ===
{{:1308 - Robert Hodde of Alverthorpe}}
=== [[1309 - Robert Hode of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1309 - Robert Hode of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1309 - Robert Hode of Alverthorpe (2)]] ===
{{:1309 - Robert Hode of Alverthorpe (2)}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (3)]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (3)}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (4)]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (4)}}
=== [[1317 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe]] ===
{{:1317 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe}}
=== [[1323 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1323 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1323 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)]] ===
{{:1323 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)}}
=== [[1324 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1324 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (3)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (3)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (4)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (4)}}
=== [[1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)]] ===
{{:1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (1)}}
=== [[1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)]] ===
{{:1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (2)}}
=== [[1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (3)]] ===
{{:1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (3)}}
=== [[1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (4)]] ===
{{:1339 - Robert Hood of Alverthorpe (4)}}
<section begin=richardhodeofalverthorpe/>
=== Richard Hode of Alverthorpe ===
Richard Hode of Alverthorpe figures in two or three entries. The first of them concerns an R. Hode. 'Richard' and 'Robert' are found combined with that surname in the court rolls, but it goes without saying that they are not the only possible Christian names. However, in view of the other two entries it seems very likely that he is also the person concerned in the first one.
* 1349-02-03; court at Wakefield. Adam Jordanson ordered to take half an acre which R... Hode surrendered. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 75, and see p. 68. Ellipsis as in printed source</ref>
* 1349-03-03; court at Wakefield. Richard Hod surrenders half an acre in Alverthorpe, which is granted to Adam son of Jordan. Heading: 'Alverthorpe'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 80, and see p. 78.</ref>
* 1350-07-02; court at Wakefield. Richard Hode surrenders half an acre in Alverthorpe, which is granted to William Gerbot. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 185, and see p. 184.</ref><section end=richardhodeofalverthorpe/>
<section begin=roberthodejrofalverthorpe/>
=== Robert Hode jr. of Alverthorpe ===
Since the above Robert Hode of Alverthorpe figures already in 1307, it is quite likely that it was his son rather than he himself who was the Robert Hode junior whose son John figures in 1340. It is not clear whether John son of Robert Hode, also figuring the latter year, is identical with John son of Robert Hode junior or if he was a son of the older Robert Hode.<section end=roberthodejrofalverthorpe/>
====[[1340 - John son of Robert Hode junior]] ====
{{:1340 - John son of Robert Hode junior}}
====[[1340 - John son of Robert Hode]] ====
{{:1340 - John son of Robert Hode}}

=== No vill mentioned ===
==== [[1324 - Robert Hood (Wakefield Manor)]] ====
{{:1324 - Robert Hood (Wakefield Manor)}}
==== [[1333 - Baker Robert Hood (Wakefield Manor)]] ====
{{:1333 - Baker Robert Hood (Wakefield Manor)}}
<section begin=roberthoodnewtonintro/>

== The Hoods of Newton ==
45 records concern a Robert Hood of Newton. There is no evidence to show that they do not all refer to one and the same man. Furthermore, records mentioning Robert Hoods of Alverthorpe or Newton during the 1320s make it almost certain that we are concerned with one person holding land in both vills. See further above.
<section end=roberthoodnewtonintro/>
=== [[1316 - Robert Hood of Newton]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hood of Newton}}
=== [[1317 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1317 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1317 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1317 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1317 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)]] ===
{{:1317 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)}}
=== [[1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)]] ===
{{:1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)}}
=== [[1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (4)]] ===
{{:1323 - Robert Hood of Newton (4)}}
=== [[1324 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1324 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1324 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1324 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1324 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)]] ===
{{:1324 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)}}
=== [[1325 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1325 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1325 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1325 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1329 - Robert Hood of Newton]] ===
{{:1329 - Robert Hood of Newton}}.
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (01)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (01)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (02)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (02)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (03)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (03)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (04)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (04)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (05)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (05)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (06)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (05)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (07)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (07)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (08)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (08)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (09)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (09)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (10)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (10)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (11)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (11)}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (12)]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Newton (12)}}
=== [[1332 - Robert Hood of Newton]] ===
{{:1332 - Robert Hood of Newton}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (4)]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (4)}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (5)]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hood of Newton (5)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)]] ===
{{:1338 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)}}
=== [[1339 - Robert Hood of Newton]] ===
{{:1339 - Robert Hood of Newton}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (1)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (2)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (3)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (4)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (4)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (5)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (5)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (6)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (6)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (7)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (7)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (8)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (8)}}
=== [[1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (9)]] ===
{{:1340 - Robert Hood of Newton (9)}}
<section begin=alicehoodofnewton/>
=== Alice, wife of John Hood of Newton ===
1 record refers to Alice, wife of John Hood of Newton:
* 1349-02-03; court at Wakefield. John Hod of Newton and his wife Alice surrender a piece of land in Alverthorpe to William de Fery and his heirs under the condition that if, twelve years from date, John and Alice or their heirs pay William or his executors the 20s William lent them, they will shall again hold it according to custom, otherwise half of the land shall remain to William and his heirs. Heading: 'Alverthorpe'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 75, and see p. 68.</ref><section end=alicehoodofnewton/>
<section begin=johnhoodofnewton/>
=== John Hood of Newton ===
7 records concern a John Hood of Newton. There is no evidence to show that they do not all refer to one and the same man.
* 1336-12-09; court at Wakefield. Order is given to distrain Richard Ivveson to answer John Hude of Newton in a plea of debt. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 42, and see p. 36.</ref>
* 1348-12-23; court at Wakefield. Richard Iveson does not prosecute against John Hode of Newton in a plea of trespass. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 45, and see p. 44.</ref>
* 1348-12-23; court at Wakefield. Richard Iveson does not come to answer John Hode of Newton in a plea of debt. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 50, and see p. 44.</ref>
* 1349-01-20; court at Wakefield. Richard Iveson unjustly detains from John Hode of Newton payment for work and for his food. The name 'Robert' was at first written in the MS, then cancelled and 'John' inserted. Heading: 'Thornes'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 64, and see pp. 64 nn. 1-2, 59.</ref>
* 1349-02-03; court at Wakefield. John Hod of Newton and his wife Alice surrender a piece of land in Alverthorpe to William de Fery and his heirs under the condition that if, twelve years from date, John and Alice or their heirs pay William or his executors the 20s William lent them, they will shall again hold it according to custom, otherwise half of the land shall remain to William and his heirs. Heading: 'Alverthorpe'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 75, and see p. 68.</ref>
* 1349-06-23; court at Wakefield. John Hode of Newton surrenders land in Newton in the graveship of Alverthorpe, which is granted to Thomas de Fyncheden. Heading: 'Alverthorpe'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 129, and see p. 128.</ref>
* 1350-04-09; court at Wakefield. John Hode surrenders land in Newton, which is granted to John Couper. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 174, and see p. 173.</ref><section end=johnhoodofnewton/>
<section begin=hoodsofsandal/>
<br/><br/>
== The Hoods of Sandal ==
Robert son of Peter Hode inherited his father's lands in Sandal in 1350 (see the record '1350 - Robert son of Peter Hode' listed below under [[#The_Hoods_of_Wakefield|The Hoods of Wakefield]]). It is unclear if the father, Peter, should be identified with the Peter Hode listed below under [[#Peter_Hood_of_Wakefield|Peter Hood of Wakefield]]. One entry connects [[#John_Hood_of_Wakefield_(II)|John Hood of Wakefield (II)]] with Sandal. There is no evidence to indicate if or how he was related to Robert and Peter.
<section end=hoodsofsandal/><section begin=hoodsofsourby/><br/><br/>

== The Hoods of Sowerby ==
<p>Ten court roll entries from the period 1308-39 are concerned with one or both of the sons of John Hood (or Hodde) who were named Robert or with a son of one of them also named Robert.</p>
<p>The following 10 records refer to the Hoods of Sourby:</p>
<section end=hoodsofsourby/>
=== [[1308 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby]] ===
{{:1308 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby}}
=== [[1313 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby injured]] ===
{{:1313 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby injured}}
=== [[1314 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby (1)]] ===
{{:1314 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby (1)}}
=== [[1314 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby (2)]] ===
{{:1314 - Robert son of John Hodde of Sowerby (2)}}
=== [[1315 - Robert and Robert sons of John Hood]] ===
{{:1315 - Robert and Robert sons of John Hood}}
{{:1316 - Robert and Robert sons of John Hood}}
=== [[1316 - John son of Robert Hode of Sowerby]] ===
{{:1316 - John son of Robert Hode of Sowerby}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hodde of Sowerby]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hodde of Sowerby}}
=== [[1333 - Robert Hode of Sowerby]] ===
{{:1333 - Robert Hode of Sowerby}}
=== [[1339 - Robert Hode junior of Sowerby]] ===
{{:1339 - Robert Hode junior of Sowerby}}
<section begin=hoodsofsourbyrelatives/>
=== Richard Hood of Sowerby ===
<p>Eleven entries in the printed court rolls for the period 1275 to 1313 concern Richard Hood of Sowerby:</p>
* 1274-11-22: Richard Hodde liable to a fine "for falsely and through hate presenting many trespasses against John de Miggeley and others, the Foresters of Sourby. [...] Respited until the Earl's coming." A Henry Urebrother to be "distrained for the like until he come to make satisfaction." Under heading: "Soureby".<ref>Baildon (1901a), p. 96; for date see p. 93</ref>
* 1275-02-02: "Henry Urebrother and Richard Hodde remain under surety, as at the last Court, to answer the Earl as to a false presentment made by them against the Foresters of Soureby, until the Earl's coming." Under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 104.</ref>
* 1275-02-02: Richard Hodde fined "for taking a heifer, which he says is his, out of the Earl's custody in the forest of Soureby". Under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 105.</ref>
* 1275-05-23: Richard Hood and Henry Urebrother are fined for their false presentment. Under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 107.</ref>
* 1275-07-13: "Henry Hourebrother and Richard Hodde complain of William and John de Noteschawe, Robert son of Roger, Richard de Estwode and Robert de Saltonstal, for trespass". Under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 142; date cf. p. 137.</ref>
* 1275-08-15: Henry Hourebrother and Richard Hodde implicate the four men just mentioned in the production of the writing against the foresters of Sowerby. They allege that they, Richard Hood and Henry Urebrother, were essentially only messengers in presenting the said accusations, and as they were heavily fined for their actions they now want compensation from the four men named. An inquisition finds for the plaintiffs. Under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 151f; date cf. p. 151.</ref>
* 1285-01-13: Richard Hodde fined for taking six hazels; under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 195; date cf. p. 193.</ref>
* 1285-04-25: Richard Hodde fined for "trespass in le Bekynges"; under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 201; date cf. p. 199.</ref>
* 1286-09-08: Richard Hodde figures as pledge for Alice of Wyttcley, two of whose beasts have strayed.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 178; date cd. p. 176.</ref>
* 1297-05-11: Richard Hodde surrenders one acre of land to John the Miller; under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 285; heading cf. p. 283; date cf. pp. 278, 283.</ref> 
* 1313-10-06; court at Wakefield: Richard Hodde's suit of debt against Elias, son of Ivo, and Robert of Saltonstall respited until Halifax court turn.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 1.</ref>
* 1313-10-18; court at Halifax: Richard Hodde sues Elias, son of Ivo, and Robert of Saltonstall for debt and does not prosecute the suit. His fine for this is pardoned because he is old and blind.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 6.</ref>


An "inquisition touching the evildoers in the Forest of Soureby" was held on 22 November 1274. The members of the panel swore that John de Migeley, one of the earl's foresters, who was charged with poaching a stag, had done no such thing but was "in all things a good and true man towards the Earl and all others." He had been charged also with receiving four oxen and 16 sheep whih were the chattels of Hugh of Barkeshere, a fugitive. The jury said what actually happened was that the king's coroner claimed them for the king's use. They further swore to the innocence of Philip le Waleys and Alan del Rodes, who had been charged with taking a stag and a kid. The stag, they said, had been taken by an employee of Stephen le Waleys. All the foresters of "Souresbyschire", who had been charged with "very many offences in the Forest, such as hunting, vert, and allowing pigs in the Forest for moneys of which the Earl gets no part", were innocent and "in all things good and true men towards the Earl and all others, and keep their bailiwick well in all respects." Finally they stated that the said foresters were also innocent of "having taken 16<i>s</i>. to conceal complaints, fines and attachments". This had been "presented against them through the hate of their enemies."<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, pp. 93-95.</ref>

<p>Of course we cannot entirely rule out the possibility that there were more than one Richard Hodde in Sowerby at the time, but the population of Sowerby stood at a mere 1,743 in 1881,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowerby,_North_Yorkshire Wikipedia: Sowerby.]</ref> and the medieval village can hardly have had a very large population. All the entries relating to the allegedly false accusations against the foresters of Sowerby must concern a single Richard Hodde, and as some of these associate him with Henry Urebrother, we must assume that the Richard Hodde mentioned in another entry where the two figure together is the same person. Very likely all the above entries refer to one and the same Richard Hodde. He was the father of John Hodde.</p>

=== John Hood of Sowerby (I) ===
<p>At least six court roll entries under the heading of Sowerby refer to a John Hood. In three of them he is referred to as John, son of Richard Hodde:</p>
* 1296-11-06; court at Halifax: John son of Richard Hodde successfully sues Adam son of Alice of Hipperholme for debt; Adam Migge is pledge; under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 244.</ref>
* 1296-11-06; court at Halifax: John son of Richard Hodde is a pledge; under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 244.</ref>
* 1296-11-06; court at Halifax: Similarly; under heading: "Sourby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 246; date and location cf. p. 344.</ref>
* 1297-05-11: John Hodde successfully claims 40<i>d</i>. from Adam Migge; under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 284; heading cf. p. 283; date cf. pp. 278, 283.</ref>
* 1297-06-24; court at Wakefield. John, son of Richard Hodde figures as a pledge; under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, date cf. p. 292; court location cf. p. 287.</ref>
* 1297-07-07; court at Wakefield. John Hodde figures twice as a pledge; under heading: "Soureby".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, date cf. p. 296; court location cf. p. 287.</ref>
<br/>He may also well be the John Hood concerned in these two records:
* [[:1315 - Robert and Robert sons of John Hood]]
* [[:1316 - Robert and Robert sons of John Hood]].
<br/>We cannot entirely rule out the possibility that two or three John Hoods might be involved, but at least three of these entries &ndash; those referring to John, son of Richard Hood &ndash; can be fairly safely assumed to refer to one and the same man. It is very likely, therefore, that we can thus reconstruct a bit of the family tree of the two Sowerby Robin Hoods: their father was this John Hood whose father, in turn, was the above Richard Hood. It is possible, but does not seem likely, that some of the court roll entries listed under John Hood of Wakefield below do in fact refer to the Sowerby man of that name.

=== John Hood of Sowerby (II) ===
Unless there were three Robert Hoods in Sowerby at this time, one of the two Roberts just mentioned in turn had a son named John:
* [[1316 - John son of Robert Hode of Sowerby]]
<section end=hoodsofsourbyrelatives/><br/><br/>
<section begin=hoodsofstanley/>

== The Hoods of Stanley ==
<p>The court rolls examined so far include four entries relating to Robert Hood(s) of Stanley.</p><section end=hoodsofstanley/>
=== [[1315 - Robert Hoode of Stanley]] ===
{{:1315 - Robert Hoode of Stanley}}
=== [[1332 - Robert Hode of Stanley (1)]] ===
{{:1332 - Robert Hode of Stanley (1)}}
=== [[1332 - Robert Hode of Stanley (2)]] ===
{{:1332 - Robert Hode of Stanley (2)}}
=== [[1332 - Robert Hode of Stanley (3)]] ===
{{:1332 - Robert Hode of Stanley (3)}}
<section begin=hoodsofstanleyrelatives/>
=== Adam Hood of Stanley ===
* 1286-07-13; probably court at Wakefield. Adam Hod licensed "to take half a bovate of land in Stanley from Adam Balle".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 227; date cf. p. 226</ref><section end=hoodsofstanleyrelatives/>
<section begin=hoodsofwakefield/><br/><br/>

== The Hoods of Wakefield ==
<p>At least 17 court roll entries from the years 1313-31 are concerned with one or more Robert Hoods of Wakefield. In 1313 two persons are concerned, one just referred to as Robert Hodde, the other as "Robert Hodde of Wakefeud". This of course suggests that the first of them came from somewhere else than Wakefield, but I do not think we can be entirely certain of this.</p>

<p>Records mentioning the Wakefield Robin Hoods:</p><section end=hoodsofwakefield/>
=== [[1308 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1308 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield}}
=== [[1309 - Robert Hod of Wakefield (1)]] ===
{{:1309 - Robert Hod of Wakefield (1)}}
=== [[1309 - Robert Hod of Wakefield (2)]] ===
{{:1309 - Robert Hod of Wakefield (2)}}
=== [[1309 - Robert Hod of Wakefield (3)]] ===
{{:1309 - Robert Hod of Wakefield (3)}}
=== [[1313 - Robert Hodde and Robert Hood of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1313 - Robert Hodde and Robert Hood of Wakefield}}
=== [[1314 - Robert Hodd of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1314 - Robert Hodd of Wakefield}}
=== [[1314 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1314 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield}}
=== [[1315 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield (1)]] ===
{{:1315 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield (1)}}
=== [[1315 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield (2)]] ===
{{:1315 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield (2)}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hod of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hod of Wakefield}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hodde of Wakefield}}
=== [[1316 - Robert and Matilda Hade of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert and Matilda Hade of Wakefield}}
=== [[1316 - Robert and Matilda Hood of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert and Matilda Hood of Wakefield}}
=== [[1316 - Robert Hoode]] ===
{{:1316 - Robert Hoode}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hode of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hode of Wakefield}}
=== [[1331 - Robert Hood of Wakefield]] ===
{{:1331 - Robert Hood of Wakefield}}
=== [[1350 - Robert son of Peter Hode]] ===
{{:1350 - Robert son of Peter Hode}}
<section begin=hoodsofwakefieldepilogue/>

The published court rolls I have examined so far do not reveal the ancestry of the Wakefield Robert Hood or, for that matter, that of his 1313 namesake of unknown abode. However, three other Hoods living in Wakefield are found in the court rolls, each of whom could be the father of the Wakefield Robert Hood.<section end=hoodsofwakefieldepilogue/>
<section begin=hoodsofwakefieldrelatives/>

=== Adam Hood of Wakefield ===
<p>An Adam Hod appears in the court rolls from 1274 to 1314. He seems to have been a Wakefield man, but there is no indication of how he was related to the other Wakefield Hoods.</p>
* 1274-11-22; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod and 23 others, including Henry Hod, swear that they know nothing about the goods and chattels of John the Forester of Sowerby, who was killed. They do not know who has them, what has been done with them or who distributed them; under heading: "Wakefeud".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 92; date cf. p. 87.</ref>
* 1277-06-11; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as a pledge.<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 166; date cf. p. 165.</ref>
* 1277-08-15; court at Wakefield. Similarly.<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 176; date cf. p. 175.</ref>
* 1285-01-13; court at Wakefield. Similarly.<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 194; date cf. p. 193; court location cf. pp. 190, 193.</ref>
* 1285-01-13; probably court at Wakefield. Adam Hod twice acts as a pledge.<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 204.</ref>
* 1296-10-28; probably court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as a pledge.<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 238; date cf. p. 237.</ref>
* 1296-11-16; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod on jury that acquits Richard, son of Hugh de Schipeden, who had been indicted at the Tourn at Rastrik for stealing 8 sheep".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 250; date and location cf. p. 248.</ref>
* 1297-02-15; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as a pledge; under heading: "Essoins".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 266; location cf. p. 263.</ref>
* 1297, Friday in the first week of Lent; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod on a jury that acquits a woman of stealing a hood; under heading: "Ossete".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 272; court location cf. p. 263.</ref>
* 1297-03-25; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod twice acts as a pledge; under heading: "Essoigns".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 273; court location cf. p. 263.</ref>
* 1297, Friday in Easter week; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as a pledge; under heading: "Essoigns".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 276; date cf. p. 275; court location cf. p. 263.</ref>
* 1297, Friday before Whitsuntide; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod twice acts as a pledge; under heading: "Essoigns".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 289; date cf. p. 288; court location cf. p. 287.</ref>
* 1297, Friday before Whitsuntide; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod on a jury that acquits two men of burglary; under heading: "Alvirthorpe".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 290; date cf. p. 288; court location cf. p. 287.</ref>
* 1314-01-13; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as pledge; under heading: "Bailiff".<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 25.</ref>
* 1314, Friday in Whitsun week (16 June 1314); court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as surety; under heading: "Essoigns".<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 53.</ref>
* 1314-09-21; court at Wakefield. Adam Hod acts as surety; under heading: "Essoigns".<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 66.</ref>

=== Agnes Hood of Wakefield ===
<p>Agnes Hodde is mentioned only once in the published rolls.
* 1326-11-22; court at Wakefield. Agnes Hodde's handmaid fined 2d for taking dry wood. Heading: 'Wakefeld'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 93, and see p. 90.</ref>

=== Henry de Hod ===
In 1339 John Milner was fined for drawing blood from Henry de Hod.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 120.</ref> Since no locality is cited as headword for the paragraph in which this entry occurs, it is possible that it relates to Wakefield. However, since it is so much later than the floruit of Henry Hood of Wakefield, it most likely concerns another man. This is also suggested by the element 'de'.

=== Henry Hood of Wakefield ===
<p>These three court roll entries relate to a Henry Hood of Wakefield. There is no indication of how he was related to the other Wakefield Hoods.</p>
* 1274-10-18; court at Wakefield. Henry Hod and nine others charged with trespass but are quit as they "did suit at the Earl's mill." Under heading: "Wakefeud".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 86; date cf. p. 82.</ref>
* 1274-11-22; court at Wakefield. Henry Hod is a surety; under heading: "Wakefeud".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 90; date cf. p. 87.</ref>
* 1274-11-22; court at Wakefield. Henry Hod and 23 others, including Adam Hod, swear that they know nothing about the goods and chattels of John the Forester of Sowerby, who was killed. They do not know who has them, what has been done with them or who distributed them; under heading: "Wakefeud".<ref>{{:Baildon, William Paley 1901a}}, p. 92; date cf. p. 87.</ref>

=== John Hood of Wakefield (I) ===
<p>A John Hood lived in Wakefield by 1313. He sometimes sat on juries but was also himself now and then in trouble for various relatively minor transgressions. In 1339-40 the types of dubious acts for which he got into trouble are often suggestive of poverty. This micro-biography assumes that most or all of the entries listed below refer to a single individual. This seems likely but is hardly capable of being proved. The entry dated 26 July 1325 certainly refers to two men with the same name, for it notes that 'John Hode of Wakefeld' essoined by John Hode, clerk. For the latter, see John Hood of Wakefield (II) below.
</p>
* 1313-10-12, court at Wakefield: John Hode is fined 12<i>d</i>. for blocking up "a pathway at the end of the town of Wakefeld, in Kergate, between Hesperode and chiterike".<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 5.</ref>
* 1315-10-10; court at Wakefield. John Hod essoins by Robert Carpenter. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, p. 1.</ref>
* 1315-12-06; court at Wakefield. John Hood essoins by William of Sonderland. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, pp. 34-35.</ref>
* 1316-02-25, court at Wakefield: John Hod is a member of a jury that acquits an accused thief. The thief was indicted at a tourn at Halifax. Judging by their names, jury members came from localities such as (South) Crossland, Osset and Stanley.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 109.</ref>
* 1316-03-12, court at Wakefield; John Hod essoins.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 112.</ref>
* 1316-04-14. Similarly.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 133.</ref>
* 1316, before 04-14, court at Wakefield; John Hood among a multitude fined for not coming to court.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 132; court location cf. p. 127; date cf. p. 127.</ref>
* 1316-04-14; court at Wakefield; John Hod essoins.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 133.</ref>
* 1316-05-01; tourn at Wakefield. John Sibbeson drew blood from John Hood. He is fined 6d. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, p. 96, and see pp. 97, 95.</ref>
* 1316; Friday in Whitsun week; court at Wakefield. John Hod is a member of a jury that sentences a thief to be hanged in the Whitsun week of that year. Judging from their names, the jury members are from Birstall, "Crosseland" (South Crossland), Ossett, Saltonstall, etc.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 136.</ref>
* 1316-07-25; court at Wakefield. "John Hood of Wakefeld" sits on a jury that includes members with surnames such as Birstall and Crosseland.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 148.</ref>
* 1316-07-31; court at Wakefield. John essoins Hood by William Marjoriman. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, p. 129.</ref>
* 1316-08-05; court at Wakefield. John Hod stands surety for an essoin.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 151.</ref>
* 1316-08-29; court at Wakefield. John Hod essoins.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 154.</ref>
* 1316-10-15; court at Wakefield. John Hood essoins by Peter the Pynder. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, pp. 135-36.</ref>
* 1317-01-06; court at Wakefield. John Hood on a jury which finds Thomas Maufesour guilty of theft. Heading: 'Bailiff'.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, pp. 164-65, and see p. 163.</ref>
* 1317-01-25; court at Wakefield. John Hood member of a jury which finds John Leggundo guilty of burglary. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, p. 169, and see p. 166.</ref>
* 1317-05-12; court at Wakefield. John Hood essoins by Thomas of Whitteley. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, p. 191.</ref>
* 1322/23-03-12; court of the King, held at Wakefield. John Hode essoins by Thomas Thorald, Henry Tasch being surety. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 1.</ref>
* 1323-08-05; court at Wakefield. John Hode essoins by John de Sandale. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 23.</ref>
* 1323-08-24; court at Wakefield. John Hode essoins by William Filche. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 24.</ref>
* 1324-05-06: court at Wakefield. John Hode essoins by William de Castilford. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, pp. 28, 29.</ref>
* 1324/25-01-13; court at Wakefield. John Hood member of a jury which acquits Robert son of Ivo de Snaipthorp of stealing beasts from Emma Brounsmith. Under heading: 'Thornes'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, pp. 57, 58.</ref>  
* 1325-04-12; court at Wakefield. John Hood essoins by William Cussing, surety being John Attebarre. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 63.</ref>
* 1325-07-26; court at Wakefield. 'John Hode of Wakefeld' essoins by John Hode, clerk. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 73.</ref>
* 1325-09-07; court at Wakefield. John Hood essoins by Thomas Torald, surety is William del Okes. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 77.</ref>
* 1325-09-07; court at Wakefield. John Hood fined 2<sup>d</sup> for dry wood.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 79, and see p. 77.</ref>
* 1326-11-22; court at Wakefield. John Hod essoins by John Pollard, surety being William Cussing. Heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 91, and see p. 90.</ref>
* 1327-05-06; court at Wakefield. John Hodde essoins by William Templer; surety is Thomas Alayn. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 114.</ref>
* 1329-05-03; sheriff's tourn at Wakefeld. The wives of John Hood, Thomas Tutche and many others fined for ale contrary to assize. Heading: 'Wakefeld'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, pp. 145, 148.</ref>
* 1339-10-14; tourn at Wakefield. John Hode to be attached for enclosing a piece of land which the township ought to have in common every third year and in open time. Heading: none.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 126, and see p. 123.</ref>
* 1339-11-26; court at Wakefield. Inquiry found John Hode guilty of enclosing plot where township of Horbury has its common. He is fined. Heading: 'Bailiff'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 147, and see p. 139.</ref>
* 1340-02-18; court at Wakefield. Inquiry to determine if it was falsely presented that John Hode enclosed a plot supposed to be the common of the township of Wakefeld. Heading: 'Bailiff'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 167, and see p. 163.</ref>
* 1340-03-10; court at Wakefield. Preceding enquiry in respite for lack of jurors. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 224, and see p. 171.</ref>
* 1340-03-24; court at Wakefield. Jury finds against John Hode in the above case. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 181, and see p. 177.</ref>
* 1340-03-24; court at Wakefield. Order to distrain John Hode, his brother Thomas and several others for carrying off timber from the mill-pond and bridge of Wakefeld. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 182, and see p. 177.</ref>
* 1340-04-07; court at Wakefield. John Hode, Thomas his brother and  several others carried off timber from the pond and bridge of Wakefeld. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 188, and see p. 185.</ref>
* 1349-01-20; court at Wakefield. Richard Iveson had no damage in his crop by his beasts by default of John Hode, so Richard to take nothing by his plea, is fined 3d. Heading: 'Thornes'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 65, and see p. 59.</ref>
* 1349-03-17; court at Wakefield. John Hode, suitor, amerced because he does not come to do his suit but comes afterwards. Heading: ''.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 89, and see p. 87.</ref>
<p style="margin-top:20px;">Unless we believe both John Hood of Sowerby and John Hood of Wakefield sat on juries in 1316, it seems most natural to assume that all the entries just listed refer to the Wakefield man, but there is of course the possibility that the Sowerby and Wakefield John Hood were one and the same person. The man I have referred to as John Hood of Sowerby is in fact never explicitly connected with that town, but his two sons (or two of his sons) are, and cases concerning him are listed under that locality. One or both sons named Robert Hood was/were involved in property transactions there, one was injured there, and both were fined for animals straying into the wood there. Whether or not he should be identified with his namesake of Sowerby, the Wakefield John Hood could be the father of the Robert Hood of Wakefield who is mentioned in 1313 and 1314 (once each year) as well as 1315 and 1316 (twice each year), but of this we have no evidence whatsoever. It is not clear with which namesake, if any, we should identify the 'John Hode, clerk' by whom 'John Hode of Wakefeld' essoined on 26 July 1325 or, ultimately, which of them (if any) is the man whose life record in the manor court rolls is listed above. However, in cases such as this, adhering to the principle of parsimony is the only way to avoid arbitrariness. Two John Hoods occurring in the same record are of course two different men. The older of them should perhaps be identified wit his namesake of Sowerby. So in the absence of evidence to the contrary we should assume that no more than two or three John Hoods are concerned.</p>

=== John Hood of Wakefield (II) ===
This man is identified as 'John Hode, clerk' in the entry dated 1325-07-26, for which see below. Also see John Hood of Wakefield (I) above. He is connected with Wakefield solely through his namesake of that town essoining by him. This could be a case of a son acting in support of his ageing father, but assuming the records listed below refer to him, it must be said that he often acted in a similar capacity in cases concerning people whose surname he did not share. The chief basis for identifying John Hoods occuring in records dating from 1339-40 with either the first or the second John Hood has been the fact that one was a peasant, the other a clerk. Some may want to move some of the items in the present list to that under John Hood of Wakefield (I) and vice versa. Since several of the entries listed below appear in the court rolls under the headword 'Sandal', it is interesting to note that the 1323-08-05 entry under John Hood of Wakefield (I) above has him essoin by 'John de Sandale'. Perhaps, therefore, we should identify the latter with the subject of this paragraph and rename him John Hood of Sandal. It must be noted, however, that the headings or headwords under which the below records are found in the MS refer to localities where the person(s) with whom the cases are concerned live or own land. They do not refer to the home localties of those acting as pledge or by whom someone essoins or is represented. It should also be noted that all the cases in question were dealth with at the court at Wakefield and that the fact that John Hood of Wakefield (II) was a clerk may account for his presence at court in all the cases in which he was not directly concerned. Therefore only the entry dated 1339-07-02 actually suggests that John Hood of Wakefield (II) may have been connected with Sandal.

* 1325-07-26; court at Wakefield. 'John Hode of Wakefeld' essoins by John Hode, clerk. Under heading: 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 73.</ref>
* 1339-05-28; court at Wakefield. William del Rodes, defendant in plea of debt, essoins first time by John Hode. Heading: 'Sandal'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 82, and see p. 79. IRHB's brackets.</ref>
* 1339-06-11; court at Wakefield. William del Rodes essoins second time by John Hode. Heading: 'Sandal'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 85, and see p. 83.</ref>
* 1339-07-02; court at Wakefield. John Hode plaintiff and John le Shephird and John his son agree in a plea of debt. Heading: 'Sandal'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 90, and see p. 88.</ref>
* 1339-11-26. court at Wakefield. John Hode acts as pledge. Heading: 'Bailiff'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, pp. 142-43, and see p. 139.</ref>
* 1339-11-26; court at Wakefield. J. Hod to represent plaintiff in plea of debt. Heading: 'Sandal'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 149, and see p. 139.</ref> The initial likely stands for 'John'.
* 1339-12-17; court at Wakefield. John Hode is attorney of Cecily, widow of William le Heir, plaintiff in plea of debt. Heading: 'Sandal'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 155, and see p. .</ref>
* 1340-05-12; court at Wakefield. John Hode stands pledge at court. Heading: 'Stanley'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 207, and see p. 206.</ref>
* 1340-06-02; tourn at Wakefield. John Hode appears as a juror. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 224, and see p. 219.</ref>
* 1340-07-28; court at Wakefield. John Hode a pledge for law. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 238, and see p. 237.</ref>
* 1340-08-25; court at Wakefield. The plaintiff in a plea of trespass essoins the first time by John Hode. Heading: 'Bailiff'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 247, and see p. 243.</ref>
* 1340-08-25; court at Wakefield. John Hode is a pledge for law. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 247, and see p. 243.</ref>
* 1340-09-15; court at Wakefield. John Hode is a pledge for law. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 249.</ref>
* 1348-11-18; court at Wakefield. John Hode of Wakefield essoins the first time by Peter Whitlof. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 19.</ref>
* 1348-12-08; court at Wakefield. John de Mora essoins the first time by John Hode but comes afterwards. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 36.</ref>
* 1348-12-23; court at Wakefield. John de Mora of Thornes essoins by John Hode. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 44.</ref>
* 1348-12-23; court at Wakefield. John Hod of Wakefield attorney for Robert Caylle. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 50, and see p. 44.</ref>
* 1349-01-20; court at Wakefield. John de Mora of Thornes essoins by J. Hode. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 59.</ref>
* 1349-01-20; court at Wakefield. William son of William de Thornes essoins by J. Hode. Heading: 'Thornes'.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 64, and see pp. 64, 59.</ref>
* 1349-02-03; court at Wakefield. Ellen daughter of Thomas Torald, plaintiff, essoins by John Hode. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 76, and see p. 68.</ref>
* 1349-03-17; court at Wakefield. John de Mora of Thornes essoins by John Hode. Heading: ''.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 87.</ref>
* 1349-04-07; court at Wakefield. John de Mora essoins of common suit by John Hod. John Hod essoins of common suit by William Cussing but comes afterwards. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 94.</ref>
* 1349-05-05; court at Wakefield. John Hod of Wakefield essoins of common suit. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 100.</ref>
* 1349-05-26; court at Wakefield. John de Mora of Thornes essoins of common suit by John Hod. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, p. 119.</ref>

=== Matilda, wife of Robert Hood ===
Matilda, wife of Robert Hood, figures in two records, both dating from 1316. See the items '1316 - Robert and Matilda Hade of Wakefield' and '1316 - Robert and Matilda Hood of Wakefield' above.

=== Peter Hood of Wakefield ===
11 entries relate to Peter Hode, who was the son of a Robert Hode who held land in Sandal:
* 1331-09-21. Peter Hood essoins by Robert de Mora. Surety is William Templer. Court at Wakefield. Heading 'Essoins'.<ref>{{:Walker, John William 1945a}}, p. 197.</ref>
* 1332-10-23. Peter Hode for the first time essoins by Thomas Torald. No heading.<ref>{{:Walker, Sue Sheridan 1983a}}, p. 122.</ref>
* 1332-11-23. Peter Hode and William Whighe fined for drawing the blood of William Capon and Thomas Fogald, 12d each. Heading: 'Thornes'.<ref>{{:Walker, Sue Sheridan 1983a}}, p. 128.</ref>
* 1338-10-30; tourn at Wakefield. Peter Hode fined 4d. Heading: 'Farmers of the town of Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 20, and see p. 18.</ref>
* 1339-04-23; tourn at Wakefield. Peter Hode fined 4d. Heading: ''.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 79, and see p. 77.</ref>
* 1339-10-14; tourn at Wakefield. Peter Hode pays fee for of practising the trade of cobbler or tanner. Heading: 'Farmers of the town of Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 126, and see p. 123.</ref>
* 1340-02-18; court at Wakefield. Inquiry to determine if Peter Hode and others falsely presented that John Hode enclosed a certain plot where the township of Wakefield was supposed to have its common while the plot was an individual toft. Heading: 'Bailiff'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 167, and see p. 163.</ref> 
* 1340-03-10; court at Wakefield. Inquiry as per preceding entry in respite due to lack of jurors. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 173, and see p. 171.</ref>
* 1340-03-24; court at Wakefield. Peter Hode and others were right that John Hode made a fishpond in Kergate. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 181, and see p. 177.</ref>
* 1340-06-02; court at Wakefield. Peter Hode pays fee for of practising the trade of cobbler or tanner. Heading: 'Free farmers'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 222, and see p. 219.</ref>
* 1340-09-15; court at Wakefield. Peter Hode fined 3d for vert. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 254, and see p. 249.</ref>
* 1350-05-20; court at Wakefield. Robert son of Peter Hode heriots on 1½ acres in ''le Oldfeld'' and ''le Castelfeld'' of Sandal after the death of Peter his father.<ref>{{:Jewell, Helen M 1981a}}, pp. 239, 240. See the list above for this record.</ref>

=== Richard Hood of Wakefield ===
Richard Hood figures in one record:
* 1339-04-23; tourn at Wakefield. Fines for drawing blood: Thomas Robard from Alexander Viroun, Alexander Viroun from Thomas Robard; Geoffrey Legom from Alexander Viroun; Richard Hode from John Viroun. Heading: 'Thornes'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 78, and see p. 77.</ref>

=== Thomas Hood of Wakefield ===
5 records found for Thomas, brother of John Hood of Wakefield (I):
* 1338-10-30; tourn at Wakefield. Wakefield presents several cases of drawing blood, Robert Arthur from William Leche, Thomas Hode from William Leche, William Leche from Thomas Hode. Heading: 'Sergeant'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 20, and see p. 18.</ref>
* 1340-03-10; court at Wakefield. William Jonot surrenders land in Wakefield, which is granted to Thomas Hood. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 175, and see p. 171.</ref>
* 1340-03-24; court at Wakefield. Order to distrain John Hode, his brother Thomas and several others for carrying off timber from the mill-pond and bridge of Wakefeld. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 182, and see p. 177.</ref>
* 1340-04-07; court at Wakefield. John Hode, Thomas his brother and  several others carried off timber from the pond and bridge of Wakefeld. Heading: None.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 188, and see p. 185.</ref>
* 1340-04-21; court at Wakefield. Thomas Hode among several who took timber from the mill-pond and bridge at Wakefield. Heading: 'Wakefield'.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, p. 195, and see p. 191.</ref>

=== A tale of thieves ===
<p>John Hood of Wakefield was on a jury which c. 25 July 1316 dealt with an intriguing case:</p>

{{quote|Richard del Wyndhill — taken as a suspected thief, because he came with a message from several thieves to the wife of the late William de Stodlay [? begging] victuals for the said thieves, and because he threatened the woman to burn her unless she sent food and money by him, and fled when the Earl's foresters tried to attach him for this, and shot at the said foresters with arrows — being asked what he has to say, denies the charges, and refers himself to the court. An inquisition is taken by the oaths of .&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;Thorneton, John de la More, William del Okes, Thomas del Bellehous, Richard de Salsa-mara, Richard de Birstall, Robert de Heyrode, Robert de la Grene, Richard de Crosseland, John Hood of Wakefeld, John, s. of Hugh de Northland, and Richard de Counhale — by whom he is found not guilty of frequenting the company of thieves, etc.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1917a}}, p. 148. Lister's brackets and ellipsis.</ref>}} 

<p>This occurs in a section apparently dealing with cases from 'Hipperum', ''i.e.'' Hipperholme, c. 3.25 km east of Halifax. Salsa-mara is Saltmarsh.<ref>{{:Lister, John 1930a}}, p. 206.</ref> Whether or not the widow was telling the truth, her story sounds more credible than many outlaw tales.</p><section end=hoodsofwakefieldrelatives/><section begin=robertGudeOfClifton/>

== Gude Robert of Clifton ==
At the court and tourn held at Rastrick/Brighouse on Tuesday 11 October 1339, Gude Robert de Clifton and Thomas son of John de Newal were fined for drawing blood from each other. Probably but not certainly in consequence of this, Richard del Rokes raised the hue and cry on Gude Robert and his fellows, who were amerced (fined) 12d.<ref>{{:Troup, Katherine M 1999a}}, pp. 119, 120.</ref> The Latin phrase 'et sociis suis', which is of course the original reading, is as neutral and as wide in its application as the editor's English rendering, so it gives us no warrant for taking these entries as evidence that Gude Robert was a gang leader. Perhaps he was simply an ordinary peasant with a slightly unusual name who chose to settle a trivial disagreement with Thomas in a very physical manner, bringing along relatives and/or neighbours just in case resistance turned out to be tougher than expected. Perhaps this was something (even) more sinister; after all this happened during a time when large criminal fraternities such as the Coterel gang and the Folvilles of Ashby Folville were active. We shall certainly be keeping an eye out for Gude Robert of Clifton when sifting through medieval records. For now we may note that while his name is not quite as convincing, as glimpsed through these brief records he seems a much more Robin Hood-like character than any of the known tenants of the manor of Wakefield actually named Robert Hood.<section end=robertGudeOfClifton/><section begin=wakefieldroberthoodsothersources/>

== Robert Hoods known from other sources ==
Here follow records other than manor court rolls relating to Robert Hoods who lived in areas with land belonging to the Manor of Wakefield.
<section end=wakefieldroberthoodsothersources/>
{{:1377 - Robert Ode of Yorkshire}}
<section begin=background/>

== Background ==
* {{:Barber, Brian J 2017a}}. [https://www.yas.org.uk/Portals/0/WCR%20by%20Barber.pdf?ver=2017-12-29-103530-010 Freely available online]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alverthorpe Wikipedia: Alverthorpe]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipperholme Wikipedia: Hipperholme]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowerby,_North_Yorkshire Wikipedia: Sowerby]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley,_West_Yorkshire Wikipedia: Stanley, West Yorkshire]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakefield#History Wikipedia: Wakefield]
* [https://www.yas.org.uk/content/treasures/wakecourtrolls.html Yorkshire Archaeological Society: Wakefield Court Rolls.]
<section end=background/>
== Also see ==
* [[1317 - Richard of the Lee of Rastrick]]
* [[1324 - Little John de Cokcroft]]
* [[1651 - Court Rolls of Manor of Wakefield]]
* [[Persons named Roger of Doncaster (record texts)]]
* [[Prioresses of Kirklees]]
* [[Robin Hood Street Close (Outwood)]]
* [[Roger de Doncaster in Sandal (record texts)]]
* [[Sheriffs of Nottingham#Henry_de_Fauconberg|Sheriffs of Nottingham: Henry de Fauconberg.]]
== Notes ==
<references/>



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